Enriching the active vocabulary of younger schoolchildren is an important problem of modern secondary education institutions. In this context, Ukrainian phraseology is an effective tool, which not only enriches speech but also develops an interest in studying and learning the Ukrainian language, which is extremely important today. In addition, although phraseology is not a subject of systematic study in primary school, mastering its units in Ukrainian language lessons while studying a specific material will contribute to the enrichment of the active vocabulary of a junior high school student. Working with phraseological units makes it possible to expand the active vocabulary of a junior high school student with phraseological units, and therefore, to familiarize, first of all, with etiquette norms, with the peculiarities of Ukrainian national etiquette.The article raises the actual problem of enriching the active vocabulary of younger schoolchildren through the study of phraseological units in Ukrainian language classes. Phraseology is an effective tool that contributes to the improvement of the grammatical structure of speech and helps to master Ukrainian speech etiquette. The content aspect of concepts related to phraseology is revealed; the possibilities of using phraseological units in Ukrainian language lessons in primary grades are analyzed. Lexical-phraseological and grammatical exercises, which are offered when studying specific material, will help younger students not only to understand the meaning of certain phraseological units but also encourage them to use them in their own speech. Keywords: phraseology; phraseologism; phraseological units; parts of speech; speech culture; active dictionary; culture of communication; primary school; grammar exercises.