The stylistic figures b ased on antonyms: antithesis, amfiteza, akroteza, oxymoron, anti phrasis, asteizm, pun, diathesis, etc. are described in the article. Provides a literature review the concept of the norm: language, literature and its types: pronunciation, lexical, stylistic and grammatical. The expressive possibilities of antonyms and the cases of improper, unsuccessful, wrong using are analyzed. Ways to prevent these errors are planned: 1) mastering of the literary norms of the national language in a natural way, in the development process, from childhood, when one hears correct it in the family, in everyday life. 2) at the lessons of Russian language and literature with the help of special exercises aimed at: consolidation of theoretical information about antonyms; improving skills to apply the acquired knowledge to the analysis of the facts of the Russian language and speech; the formation and development of culture speech and writing students. 3) with constant self-education of a native speaker,the main way is to work with the different kinds of dictionaries and reference books.