The article offers an analysis of the language of short prose by Ahatanhel Krymskyi in terms of reflecting the lexical and phraseological components of linguistic and cultural identity. There are five directions of analysis of language material: by phraseological composition, by features of synonymy, by graphically separated (patched) tokens, by socio-stylistic markers of word usage, by lexical features of individual-authorial language norm. The conclusion is made about the signs of orientation in the language of the writer’s works on conversational naturalism, on mixing elements of different areas of Ukrainian language, partly on stylization of language of representatives of certain social types, on popularization of self-worth of Ukrainian colloquial and literary communication practice. The peculiarities of the author’s word usage, individual-author priorities in the choice of variants from the series of lexical-phraseological synonyms are traced according to the method “word in the text and in the dictionary”. The question of linguistic and cultural identity through the stylistics of lexical and phraseological units manifests itself as a ratio of book and conversational, new and established, language practice and social spheres of its existence. The verbal palette of the Krymskyi’s prose writer should be perceived as a portrait of time, as a socio-cultural slice with the characteristic features of the norm of the Ukrainian literary language (this is one area of linguistic and cultural assessment). The writer’s artistic and fiction practice became a kind of experimental platform, which testified to the potential properties of the general literary and stylistic norm, which served to expand the lexical and phraseological base of the Ukrainian language and revealed the specifics of idiostyle (this is the second direction of linguistic and cultural assessment).