This chapter provides readers with current perspectives about how stuttering is conceptualised and classified within major diagnostic frameworks commonly used in clinical and research settings. The diagnostic criteria of stuttering in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders are described, evaluated, and compared with those in the International Classification of Diseases and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. To consider diversity issues, attitudes towards stuttering within Arabic-speaking societies are examined. This includes considerations about how such attitudes are shaped by cultural, social, and linguistic norms. Additionally, the importance of adapting and standardising stuttering assessment instruments in underrepresented languages, such as Arabic, is emphasised. In doing so, this chapter aims to highlight the multidimensional and complex nature of stuttering, which extends beyond speech disruption alone. Finally, it offers a critical evaluation of these diagnostic frameworks, with particular attention to the appropriateness of language used (e.g., “disorder”) and the relative paucity of data on lived experiences associated with stuttering.