A new ambiguity representation scheme SPR(structure preference relation) is proposed in this paper, which consists of useful quantitative distribution information for ambiguous structures. Two automatic acquisition algorithms, (1) acquired from treebank, (2) acquired from raw texts, are introduced, and some experimental results which prove the availability of the algorithms are also given. At last, some SPR applications in linguistics and natural language processing are introduced and some future research directions are proposed in this paper.