This chapter is the first large-scale typological survey of the lexical means used in African languages to express color-related meanings. It is based on a very large sample, with data from 350 languages, most of which come from the RefLex online lexical database. It focuses on language-internal semantic sources, morphosyntactic strategies, and contact-induced terminology used for color naming. After a brief discussion of the issues raised by “basic” color terms, and “polychromatic” color terms, the chapter provides a review of the semantic sources of color terms, the origin of borrowings, colexifications and metaphorical uses of color terms, main patterns of lexicalization, and, briefly, color-related ideophones.