Many languages, including Modern Stan-dard Arabic (MSA), insert resumptive pro-nouns in relative clauses, whereas many others, such as English, do not, using empty categories instead. This discrep-ancy is a source of difficulty when trans-lating between these languages because there are words in one language that cor-respond to empty categories in the other, and these words must either be inserted or deleted—depending on translation di-rection. In this paper, we first examine challenges presented by resumptive pro-nouns in MSA-English translations and re-view resumptive pronoun translations gen-erated by a popular online MSA-English MT engine. We then present what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first system for automatic identification of resumptive pronouns. The system achieves 91.9 F1 and 77.8 F1 on Arabic Treebank data when using gold standard parses and automatic parses, respectively. 1