This article explores lexical change in Romanian Bible translations, focusing on the Saint Petersburg Bible printed in 1819. The study adopts a comparative approach, examining this version alongside earlier Romanian editions, namely, the Blaj Bible (1795), the Bucharest Bible (1688), and manuscripts Ms. 45 and Ms. 4389. Primary sources such as the Septuagint, the Vulgate, the Elisabethan Bible, and the Ostrog Bible are also consulted as reference points for evaluating the fidelity and stylistic orientation of the Romanian texts, as well as Șaguna’s edition, in order to identify possible influences. The research highlights how Romanian Bible translations contributed to the modernization of the literary language, providing a framework for lexical consolidation and refinement, particularly in religious discourse. The Saint Petersburg Bible is shown to introduce notable lexical interventions, including new terms and stylistic adjustments aimed at enhancing clarity and accessibility for its contemporary readership. Special attention is given to the role of explanatory and completive glosses, which reflect a deliberate editorial strategy of semantic clarification and adaptation to the expected level of reader comprehension. Another key finding is the influence of the 1819 edition on the Șaguna Bible, which adopts several lexical choices and formulations, indicating the broader circulation and reception of the Saint Petersburg text in 19th century Romanian Orthodox circles. The study concludes that the Saint Petersburg Bible should not be viewed merely as a reproduction of the 1795 text, but rather as the product of active revision. It embodies a balance between preserving the biblical tradition and responding to the emerging linguistic norms of modern Romanian. As such, it represents an important point in the evolution stage in the development of Romanian biblical language and the broader literary standardization process.