This study examines the influence of religious-mythological lexicon on the formation, transmission, and transformation of historical consciousness and cultural identity. Language, as a carrier of collective memory, plays a crucial role in preserving mythological narratives and religious concepts that shape societies’ worldviews across different historical periods. The research explores how religious-mythological terminology functions not only as a linguistic phenomenon but also as a symbolic system through which power, morality, social order, and cultural continuity are articulated. By analyzing key lexical units drawn from religious texts, mythological narratives, and historical discourse, the study reveals how such vocabulary contributes to the construction of collective identities and legitimizes social norms and ideological frameworks. The research adopts an interdisciplinary approach, combining methods from historical linguistics, cultural studies, and discourse analysis. It investigates the semantic evolution of selected religious and mythological lexemes, tracing their transformation from sacred contexts to broader socio-cultural and political usage. Particular attention is given to the ways in which these lexical elements influence historical narratives, reinforce cultural memory, and shape national and civilizational self-perception. The findings demonstrate that religious-mythological lexicon functions not merely as a linguistic residue of the past but as an active cultural mechanism that continues to shape modern thought, values, and identity formation. By uncovering the deep interconnection between language, belief systems, and historical consciousness, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the role of sacred discourse in the development of human civilization and cultural continuity.